Tuesday, October 12, 2010

Moral Minefields: Legal and Ethical Dilemma

What may be legal may not be ethical. That's the main thesis of the subject topic of the week. Perhaps the laws, that the media fall back on, could be used for the media's own protection. But what is the extent of the ethical code that could be applied to the story? Australian Media Law is available in book form and the contents of the book could be viewed here.


It could be difficult to say when legalities would clash with the journalism's code of ethics. With that, David Ingram (2008) from The News Manual, opened the chapter on legal and ethical dilemmas by stating that each culture has its own distinct differences. He also encourages that journalists ask lawyers, court officials or legal academics on the questions that they face during their reporting on issues that may pose an ethical dilemma.

I found this video created by a team of Bachelor of Communications Research. They are talking about Journalism Ethics, Plagarism and the other subjects that would wrap up the end of this blog nicely.




Tuesday, September 21, 2010

Truth and Objectivity

Truth in journalism is a major factor in the reputation of a newspaper or basically news in general. The following video features veteran journalist, Pamela Varkony, who was an embedded journalist in Afghanistan. She talks about women in the journalism industry and emphasizes on truth in journalism.


It could be said that the public deserve to know the facts and what is going on in the world around them. The truth may hurt but perhaps with the half truth weaved into the reports by public relations practitioners, it may be rather difficult to distinguish the truth from the partial-truth.

The role of public relations practitioners have slowly overcome the role of journalism with PR practitioners inserting media releases into newspapers. But who is to say what is the truth and what it not. There are conflicting viewpoints in what could be the truth and what could not be in the sense that part of the truth are inserted into the media releases.


In Singapore, there has been an uproar in the citizen's forum, known as STOMP, due to a PR campaign which features a bear digging in the bins at a bus stop near the airport. The footage of the bear was caught on camera by a boy who happened to film the incident with his mobile phone. Of course, the bear was a fake, there was a man in the bear costume. This campaign was created by Phillips, an electronics company. The company was then slapped with a $1,000 fine for being a public nuisance. The story could be seen here, MAN IN BEAR COSTUME.

The truth can be seen to be further emphasized by the advertisements that are recently broadcasted in the Australian television channels. Advertisements are now shown with captions saying that opinions are the actors' own in the commercials. Perhaps the truth would be better for everybody.

Saturday, September 11, 2010

Privacy: Where do you get it? “I’m a celebrity too…”


Privacy.

Where do I start? Seriously, there are two sides of the coin that we have to observe. For example, reporting on an event that a celebrity is taking drugs, do we put it in the report or should we just let it slide?

If that's not difficult, what about the times when we are reporting on a person's death and we are getting insights from the person's loved ones. How private should the news be?

Clarence Jones (2005) from Winning with the News Media wrote in his Privacy chapter that

"Today’s technology gives the media powerful new tools for intrusion into private lives. Cameras are smaller and easier to hide. Conversations are easily recorded surreptitiously. Computers and the Internet provide the ability to rummage through the closets of your life in ways that have never before been possible."

Which is true. He even went on state that everyone has a choice to make information public or not. As long as a person was in a public area, that person was revealing himself to the public. Perhaps it isn't the reporter's fault that things that are revealed as a person should have responsibility as to whether they choose to reveal themselves or not. This may be a harsh point of view but truth be told, in the viewpoint of celebrity privacy, they can choose whether to behave or not.

But some reporters do have to toe the line when it comes to ethics. For example, the conscience of a person is constantly being tested when put out to the frontline of the news. Which pictures should be posted? Which angle should the article be edited to and printed?

This subject on privacy however is very much like a cycle that would never end. Like karma, what comes around goes around.

Another example was that Sixty Minutes, a reality show was broadcasted, on an Aussie television channel, NineMSN, on the personal life of an anorexic person. Sixty Minutes is dedicated to the broadcasting of the personal insights from various angles, be it from an anorexic person to Michael Cain. As long as it is of interest to the public, Sixty Minutes would be sure to broadcast it. (I personally find it interesting myself.)

Anyway, back to the anorexic person, Amy, she allowed the cameras into her home and allowed the interviewers to ask her questions about her issue. From past experiences in my Broadcasting Journalism module, I found out that interviewers have a sheet of questions that they prepare for the interviewee. In the particular episode however, the interviewer had asked her a question which had angered her and to her mind, insinuated that she was fat. It was an extremely normal question. "Do you find that you might eat too much on a certain day?" Perhaps the interviewer was not tactful enough but much care must be handled when it comes to dealing with people who have strong insecurities about a particular issue.

My point is, even when handled with extreme care, there might be instances in which interviewers and the people behind the camera are in a tight position as to whether or not to cut out a particular scene which might evoke emotions in people, whether positive or negative.

It could be more of like a gamble. But then again, the code of ethics are always there as a list of guidelines, in which every journalist should understand and undertake as it is a social responsibility.

The name of the story is Amy's Story. For those of you who are interested, please note that the link to her story is here.

We’re All a Twitter!

Need I say more? Twitter had overtaken our space in society. As long as you're not on Twitter, you're totally uncool! I know these videos have been posted up again and again but I really think this epitomizes this week's topic. =)



Globalisation v Localisation



Globalization has taken place in most parts of the world and for example, almost every part of the world is in the know of the American US dollar. Even as it is not as worthy as the British pound, it is still accepted in most parts of the world. It is not just monetary matters that are changing, even culture is giving most countries a run for their money. Localization occurs in the recent case of the Koran burning in Gainesville, Florida. Religion has spread to other parts of the world and when two religions clash, it would not be pretty.

The Koran case occurred due to the fact that the 911 incident had happened.

As Friedman (1994) had argued in an article he wrote about India, "Ethnic violence is over control of space and has no connection to ethnic content of the body itself. The result is a boundary shift and the zones of ambivalence create violence between differential identities competing for space. The social other can exaggerate identity. Doubts over purity of categories mixed up by globalization is a different event. Social fragmentatio
n can be economic or cultural and can oppose globalization winners to losers."

I think that respect should be present when it comes to another social being. Just because someone doesn't agree with you on something, there is no need to punch him in the eye.



Friday, August 27, 2010

Who will pay for online journalism?


There are three schools of thought when it comes to online journalism. The first would be, "Hell yeah, I'd pay for that sort of sh*t." The second would be, "F*** no, this sh*t ain't worth it!" And lastly, the neutral party who would just sit there and wait for news to come to them.

News come to people easily as humans are social beings, they feel the need to communicate and some of them do start out a conversation based on the news that he/she has heard/read.

There are many ideals in which a person would pay for online content. Partly because of the ease of accessibility and the convenience of not recycling paper. Using online content would probably save the Earth as what some of us have been trying to do. But online content isn't just about newspapers and the internet, it's about professional journalism that counts.

Journalism is a field, in which many argue, that does require hard work. Journalists slog everyday just so that they would be the first to deliver the news to the masses in which they serve. Citizen Journalism may well be underway but there is no way that they can beat the professionals at it. Perhaps the language tool may come better to those outside the journalism field but journalism comes with experience and training. We are trained to slice our words into instant nuggets of knowledge and we are trained to interview the people who are involved in a news story. We are trained to sniff out a news story when we see one and we are trained to be there before other news anchors do. We are trained to deliver to the masses and we are trained to be as quick and efficient as we can. There is no beating of professional journalism when it comes to citizen journalism.

The act of buying online content would be due to the fact that there is a trait of credibility to the respective websites that churn out news stories. Credibility is being tested in a variety of ways that people gather their news. News can be distorted with a slight inclination as no one can be entirely objective. However, quality journalism does not stand for subjectivity. Hard cold news is what the audience wants, and thus the audience would get what they want.

Technological advancements are moving into an era when almost everything could be on the internet. It could be probable that newspapers might, one day, all go digital. This could be seen in an article supplied by AFP to The Age Newspaper Digital Edition.

Apple Chief Executive Steve Jobs has mentioned that "I don't want to see us descend into a nation of bloggers,"

"One of my beliefs very strongly is that any democracy depends on a free, healthy press."


Perhaps, since everyone has a choice on the internet, all newspapers supplied would be digital and newspaper agencies that do run the news website has got to be extremely quick on reaching a news story first lest it gets stolen by the other newspaper agencies.

Rupert Murdoch has also stated that he plans to move to build a successful online model which would be dependent on "being prepared to take the risk" to charge for online content, and "hopefully by the quality of content in sports and finance, capture that market". (Tabakoff, The Australian, 2009). Link to the article could be found here.

Tuesday, August 10, 2010

Journalism as a Public conversation in the 21st century; what is the role of the citizen?


Citizen Journalism vs Traditional Journalism have been a debate ever since the evolution of blogs. What started out to be a simple platform for online diary keeping, have now blossomed into a network of news and information. Ordinary members of the public can shoot almost instantly into stardom just by posting a few well written words and a whole tirade of pictures to back up their evidence. Speaking of which, even pictures nowadays could be manipulated in a sense that it fits their story line.

However as James Farmer from The Age Blogs: Media have put it,

'You're investigative and on the scene, putting together balanced, objective articles on the events or selecting media to illustrate them, applying your analytic skills and then distributing the final product through what is commonly called a "news and information site" (previously known as a newspaper).'

Without even the basic professional training of a journalist, suddenly everyone can become journalists. However, he feels that citizens can never be true journalists. Even as such, he encourages the bloom in sites that are 'citizen media' by 'bringing on the revolution'.

I agree with what he has to say, professional journalism would not die, however newspapers might not be on paper. It might be on something created by Apple Inc, Windows, or some other huge technological companies. (Refer to picture)